This article will be useful for you to better understand the terms used in assisted reproduction in relation to the gametes of both sexes.
SPERM OR SEMEN, SPERMATOZOIDS
Sperm is the seminal liquid that comes out from the penis at ejaculation and contains the spermatozoids.
How the sperm quality is evaluated: the sperm test is an analysis which defines the fertility grade of a man.
There are many other analyses which may be conducted when there are doubts regarding the semen quality, but the most common are these:
Fragmentation: studies the genetic breakages of single- or double-chain in the sperm.
FISH: a genetic sperm study mainly in chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y.
Related articles: https://www.centromedicomanzanera.com/en/curcuma-y-reproduccion/
How are spermatozoids obtained for fertility treatment? The most common way is masturbation, whereas in the case of obstructive azoospermia, via testicular biopsy (surgical intervention).
Related article: https://www.centromedicomanzanera.com/en/capitulo-17-biopsia-testicular-los-tratamientos-fertilidad-fiv/
EGGS OR OOCYTES
The eggs or oocytes are a reserve of gametes that a female has upon birth and are generated in the foetus phase.
How is the ovarian reserve evaluated? The ovarian reserve can be measured by carrying out a hormonal analysis, with the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) being the most common. The result must be evaluated jointly with the age of the woman and a transvaginal ultrasound scan.
Related article: https://www.centromedicomanzanera.com/en/reproduccion-hormona-antimulleriana-amh/
How are oocytes obtained in fertility treatments?
In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF): the woman has to undergo ovarian stimulation. In the meantime, several ultrasound scans must be completed, followed by egg retrieval (also known as ovarian or follicular puncture).
Stimulation: a hormonal treatment enabling the growth of follicles (bags) in the ovaries where the oocytes are later extracted from. Not all follicles may contain an oocyte.
Ovarian puncture: consists of aspirating the liquid from the follicles and separating the eggs. The extracted oocytes may be mature and suitable for fertilisation or immature and unsuitable for use for further treatment.
Related article: https://www.centromedicomanzanera.com/en/puncion-folicular/
Artificial insemination (with partner’s or donor’s sperm): the woman has to undergo hormonal stimulation similar to that in IVF to increase the chances of success of the technique and ensure that 2 or 3 follicles are present in the ovaries when the semen is introduced into the uterus.
If you have any doubts or would like to receive information about a specific treatment, you can contact us via email at info@centromedicomanzanera.com or ivf@centromedicomanzanera.com, or by filling in the contact form: https://form.centromedicomanzanera.com/en
Charlotte
International department
IMAGE: https://pt.vecteezy.com/arte-vetorial/8377297-penetracao-de-espermatozoides-no-ovo-femea-informacoes-medicas-cartaz-ilustracao-vetor
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